Sur les distributions utilisant apt ( paquets .deb ), il est aussi possible d’utiliser la surcouche aptitude. C’est une façon simple et pratique de gérer l’installation/désinstallation et mise à jour des logiciels.
Voici quelques exemples d’utilisation.
Mettre à jour la liste des paquets ( logiciels disponibles )
root@server:~# aptitude update Hit http://debian.mirrors.ovh.net squeeze Release.gpg Ign http://debian.mirrors.ovh.net/debian/ squeeze/main Translation-en Ign http://debian.mirrors.ovh.net/debian/ squeeze/main Translation-en_GB Hit http://debian.mirrors.ovh.net squeeze Release Hit http://debian.mirrors.ovh.net squeeze/main Sources Hit http://debian.mirrors.ovh.net squeeze/main amd64 Packages Get:1 http://security.debian.org squeeze/updates Release.gpg [836 B] Ign http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates/main Translation-en Ign http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates/main Translation-en_GB Get:2 http://security.debian.org squeeze/updates Release [86.9 kB] Get:3 http://security.debian.org squeeze/updates/main Sources [90.3 kB] Get:4 http://security.debian.org squeeze/updates/main amd64 Packages [270 kB] Fetched 448 kB in 0s (691 kB/s)
Installer les dernières versions disponibles des paquets installés
root@server:~# aptitude upgrade The following packages will be upgraded: .... 13 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 2,378 kB of archives. After unpacking 0 B will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] Y Get:1 http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates/main lwresd amd64 1:9.7.3.dfsg-1~squeeze8 [244 kB] Get:2 http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates/main bind9 amd64 1:9.7.3.dfsg-1~squeeze8 [355 kB] .... Fetched 2,378 kB in 0s (2,454 kB/s) Reading changelogs... Done Preconfiguring packages ... (Reading database ... 22898 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace lwresd 1:9.7.3.dfsg-1~squeeze7 (using .../lwresd_1%3a9.7.3.dfsg-1~squeeze8_amd64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement lwresd ... .... Current status: 0 updates [-13].
Recherche d’un paquet
root@ks3267918:~# aptitude search apache p apache2 - Apache HTTP Server metapackage p apache2-dbg - Apache debugging symbols v apache2-dev - p apache2-doc - Apache HTTP Server documentation
Installation d’un paquet
root@ks3267918:~# aptitude install htop The following NEW packages will be installed: htop 0 packages upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 63.7 kB of archives. After unpacking 209 kB will be used. Get:1 http://debian.mirrors.ovh.net/debian/ squeeze/main htop amd64 0.8.3-1 [63.7 kB] Fetched 63.7 kB in 0s (105 kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package htop. (Reading database ... 22898 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking htop (from .../htop_0.8.3-1_amd64.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up htop (0.8.3-1) ...